Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport Aéroport international Pierre-Elliott-Trudeau de Montréal |
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Trudeau Airport as seen from a NASA Satellite before the construction of the international concourse. | |||
IATA: YUL – ICAO: CYUL
YUL
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Summary | |||
Airport type | Public | ||
Owner | Transport Canada | ||
Operator | Aéroports de Montréal | ||
Serves | Montreal, Quebec | ||
Location | Dorval, Quebec | ||
Hub for |
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Elevation AMSL | 118 ft / 36 m | ||
Website | |||
Runways | |||
Direction | Length | Surface | |
ft | m | ||
06L/24R | 11,000 | 3,353 | Asphalt/Concrete |
06R/24L | 9,600 | 2,926 | Asphalt/Concrete |
10/28 | 7,000 | 2,134 | Asphalt/Concrete |
Statistics (2009) | |||
Aircraft Movements | 211,999 | ||
Number of Passengers | 12,224,534 | ||
Sources: Canada Flight Supplement[1] and Transport Canada[2] Movements from Statistics Canada[3] Passenger statistics from Aéroports de Montréal[4] |
Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport (IATA: YUL, ICAO: CYUL) (French: Aéroport international Pierre-Elliott-Trudeau de Montréal) or Montréal-Trudeau, formerly known as Montréal-Dorval International Airport, is located in the city of Dorval, on the Island of Montreal, 20 km (12 mi) from Montreal's downtown core. It is an international airport serving Greater Montreal, along with the regions of northern Vermont and New York.[5]
The airport is one of two managed and operated by Aéroports de Montréal (ADM), a not-for-profit corporation without share capital; the other airport is Montréal-Mirabel northwest of Montreal, which was initially intended to replace the one in Dorval but now deals almost solely with cargo.[6] Montréal-Trudeau is owned by Transport Canada, which has a 60-year lease with Aéroports de Montréal, as per Canada's National Airport Policy of 1994.[2]
Trudeau is the busiest airport in the province of Quebec, the third busiest airport in Canada by passenger traffic and fourth busiest by aircraft movements, with 12,224,534 passengers and 211,999 movements in 2009.[3][4] This is a drop of 4.6% and 5.9% over the 2008 figures of 12,813,320 passengers and 225,219 aircraft movements.[4][7] It is one of eight Canadian airports with United States border preclearance and is one of the main gateways into Canada with 7,425,477 or 60.8% of its passengers being on non-domestic flights, the highest proportion amongst Canada's airports during 2009.[4] It is one of four Air Canada hubs, and, in that capacity, serves mainly Quebec, the Atlantic Provinces and Eastern Ontario. The air route between YUL and Toronto Pearson International Airport is currently the 15th busiest air route in the world, in terms of flights per week, while the air route between YUL and Paris-Charles de Gaulle is the 8th busiest in terms of passengers carried (1.1 million) between Europe and a non-European destination.[8]
Airlines servicing Trudeau offer flights to Africa, Western Asia, the Caribbean, Central America, South America (as of December 20, 2010), Europe, Mexico, the United States, and other destinations within Canada. The airport is headquarters and large Hub for Air Canada, the country's largest airline, charter airlines, Air Transat and Sunwing Airlines, and Air Inuit. It also serves as a focus city for WestJet and base of operations for CanJet. It also plays a role in general aviation as home to the headquarters of Innotech-Execair, Starlink, ACASS and Maintenance Repair & Overhaul (MRO) facilities of Air Canada, Air Transat, MJet and ExcelTech. Transport Canada operates a Civil Aviation Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul facility on site, with a fleet of Government owned and operated civil aircraft. Bombardier Aerospace has an assembly facility on site to build regional jets and Challenger business jets.
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The birth of Dorval Airport was in the 1940s. At the time, it was becoming clear that the Saint-Hubert Airport (Montreal's first official airport, in operation since 1927) could no longer meet the city's growing aviation needs. The Minister of Transport purchased the land at the Dorval Race Track, thus ensuring the best possible location for the new airport. Montréal-Dorval International Airport went into operation on September 1, 1941, as RCAF Station Lachine with three paved runways. By 1946, the airport was already hosting more than a quarter of a million passengers a year, growing to more than a million by the mid-1950s. It was primarily chosen as an airport because of good weather and few foggy days. During World War II thousands of Allied aircraft passed through Dorval on the way to England. At one time Dorval was the major transatlantic hub for commercial aviation and the busiest airport in Canada with airlines such as British Overseas Airways Corporation (B.O.A.C) landing at Dorval en route to New York City.
In November 1960, the airport was renamed Aéroport international Dorval de Montréal. On December 15 of that year, the Minister of Transport inaugurated a new $30 million terminal. It was the largest terminal in Canada and one of the biggest in the world. Montréal-Dorval International Airport was the gateway to Canada for all European air traffic, serving more than two million passengers a year. Eight years later, Montréal-Dorval International Airport underwent a major expansion program. The Government of Canada predicted that Dorval would be completely saturated by 1985, and also projected that 20 million passengers would be passing through Montreal's airports annually. They decided to construct a new airport in Sainte-Scholastique (Montréal-Mirabel International Airport). As the first phase in the transition that would eventually see Dorval closed, international flights were to be transferred to the new airport in 1975.
On November 29, 1975, Montréal-Mirabel International Airport went into service. With an operations zone of 70 km2 (27 sq mi) and a buffer zone of 290 km2 (110 sq mi), it became the largest airport in the world. Many connecting flights to Canadian centres were transferred to Montréal-Mirabel and 23 international airlines moved their overseas activities there. As a consequence, the mission of Montréal-Dorval was redefined to encompass domestic flights and flights to the United States. Dorval's traffic decreased due to the advent in the 1980s of longer-range jets that did not need to refuel in Montreal before crossing the Atlantic Ocean. Montreal's economic decline in the late 1970s and 1980s had a significant effect on the airport's traffic, as international flights shifted away from Dorval to Toronto Pearson, which serves the larger urban centre of Toronto. The Trudeau government had developed Mirabel Airport to handle an expected growth in international traffic, and, eventually, to replace Dorval. That extra traffic never materialized, and due to its closer proximity to downtown Montreal, all scheduled air services have now returned to Dorval/Trudeau, while Mirabel ceased passenger operations in 2004. In May 2007, it was reported that the International Center of Advanced Racing had signed a 25 year lease with Aéroports de Montréal to use part of the airport as a race track.[9][10] At the same time fixed base operator, Hélibellule, opened a facility at the site to cater for the private jets that were expected. The company also provides a passenger service from Mirabel to destinations in Canada and the United States.[6][11] They operate three different types of helicopters; Bell 222, Robinson R22 and Aérospatiale Gazelle.[6]
With all international scheduled flights going back to Montréal-Dorval in 1997, as well as charter flights in 2004, Montréal-Dorval International Airport was finally able to become a true hub, where passengers would not have to travel to different airports depending on the type of flight. The consolidation of flights to Montréal-Dorval resulted in an increase of passenger traffic, not only because of transfer of flights, but because of new connecting opportunities. In 2000, 9.4 million passengers used the airport at a time when the maximum capacity was 7 million. In 2007, the airport handled 12,817,969 passengers,[4] a new record.
Year | Total Passengers | % change | Domestic | % change | International | % change | Transborder | % change |
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2001[12] | 8,079,928 | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
2002[12] | 7,589,708 | 6.1% | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
2003[13] | 7,761,184 | 2.3% | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
2004[14] | 10,335,768 | ---- | 4,322,145 | ---- | 3,162,534 | ---- | 2,851,089 | ---- |
2005[14] | 10,892,778 | 5.4% | 4,446,976 | 2.9% | 3,461,371 | 9.4% | 2,984,431 | 4.7% |
2006[15] | 11,441,202 | 5.0% | 4,653,599 | 4.6% | 3,708,264 | 7.1% | 3,079,339 | 3.2% |
2007[4] | 12,817,969 | 12.0% | 5,393,576 | 15.9% | 4,245,642 | 14.5% | 3,178,751 | 3.2% |
2008[4] | 12,813,320 | 0.0% | 5,278,945 | -2.1% | 4,465,589 | 5.2% | 3,068,786 | -3.5% |
2009[4] | 12,224,534 | 4.6% | 4,793,177 | -9.2% | 4,567,686 | 2.3% | 2,863,671 | -6.7% |
Total (2004–2009) | 70,525,571 | 28,888,418 | 23,611,086 | 18,026,067 | ||||
2010B | 7,604,803 | +5.0% | 2,836,181 | +3.1% | 2,909,727 | +4.1% | 1,858,895 | +9.5% |
*^A Statistics prior to 2004 are from Transport Canada. From 2004 on statistics are from ADM. Transport Canada's statistics are consistently lower than those of ADM. For example TC passenger numbers for 2004 are 9,369,584.[16]
*^B Figures are for January to July.[4]
On September 11, 2001, Trudeau participated in Operation Yellow Ribbon, taking in 7 diverted flights that had been bound for the closed airspace over the United States, even though pilots were asked to avoid the airport as a security measure. Mirabel International Airport also took in 10 other diverted flights totaling 17 diverted flight in the Montreal area bound for American cities.[17]
As part of Operation Hestia, Canada's military response to the 2010 Haitian Earthquake, the airport is the official gateway for repatriation flights from Haiti.[18] As of January 24, 2010, 2,327 individuals have been evacuated,[19] mostly on Canadian military CC-177 Globemaster III and CC-130 Hercules aircraft.
The airport was renamed by the federal government in honour of former Canadian Prime Minister, the late Right Honourable Pierre Elliott Trudeau, on January 1, 2004, the renaming having been announced in September the previous year by then Minister of Transport David Collenette. This move provoked some opposition, especially Quebec sovereignists opposed to some of the policies of the former prime minister, as well as opposition from many aviation historians and enthusiasts who recalled Trudeau's role as an opponent of the airport, planning to close it in favour of Mirabel Airport.[20] Many Montrealers still refer to Trudeau airport as "Dorval," or "Dorval Airport."
The Société de transport de Montréal (STM) presently has three regular bus routes serving Trudeau International Airport, including route "204 Cardinal" seven days a week, route "209 Sources" Monday to Friday, and route "356 Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue" night bus. All three routes can take passengers to and from the Dorval bus terminus and train station, within walking distance of the VIA's Dorval station.[21] A shuttle bus runs between the airport and VIA's Dorval station.
On March 29, 2010, the STM introduced the 747 Express Bus route. Operating 7 days a week, 24 hours a day, and 365 days a year, this route features nine stops in each direction, including transfer stops at Lionel-Groulx metro station, Central Station, and Berri-UQAM metro station. The service runs every 10-12 minutes from 8:30 a.m. to 8 p.m, every 30 minutes from 5:30 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. and from 8 p.m. to 1 a.m., and every hour from 2 a.m. to 5 a.m.[22]
Prior to the introduction of this public transportation service,[23] Groupe La Québécoise operated a coach service known as L'Aerobus between the airport and Central Station, connecting with several hotels downtown[24].
Route | Destination | Service Times | Map | Schedule |
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Société de transport de Montréal (STM) | ||||
204 Cardinal | Westbound to Terminus Fairview Pointe-Claire | All-day | Map | Schedule |
209 Des Sources | Westbound to Pierrefonds Train Station | Monday to Friday All-day | Map | Schedule |
747 Express Bus | Eastbound to Downtown Montreal with stops at Lionel-Groulx Station and Berri-UQAM Station
Metro-Green Line Metro-Orange Line Metro-Yellow Line |
24 Hours
Daily-Year Round |
Map | Schedule |
356 Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue | Westbound to Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue with a stop at Dorval Train station and Eastbound to Downtown Montreal terminating at Atwater Station
Vaudreuil-Hudson Commuter Rail Line Metro-Green Line |
Overnight
Approximately 1:00 a.m.-5:00 a.m. daily |
Map | Schedule |
Montréal-Trudeau underwent a major expansion and modernization designed to increase the terminal's capacity and substantially enhance the level of passenger service. In February 2000, with a budget of C$716 million, ADM announced plans for an extensive expansion plan that would bring Montréal-Trudeau up to standard with other North American airports its size. The airport terminal had for the most part remained the same, with the exception of minor renovations, since its opening in the 1960s. With increased passenger volume resulting from the transfer of international scheduled passengers from Mirabel Airport in 1997, as well as Air Canada's intentions to make Montréal-Dorval its Eastern Canada hub, there was a strong need to greatly expand the terminal, whose capacity of roughly 7 million passengers per year had been exceeded.
The expansion program included the construction of several brand-new facilities, including a jetty for flights to the United States (Transborder Terminal), another for overseas flights (International Terminal) and a huge international arrivals complex for passengers arriving in Canada from the U.S. and other international points of departure. A 18-gate Transborder Concourse, an 11-gate International Concourse, new customs hall and baggage claim area for non-domestic flights, and an expanded parking garage, were built between 2000 and 2005. Additionally, sections of the domestic area were renovated and expanded, accompanied with additional retail space. The International part of the Aeroquay satellite was demolished, leaving the domestic part for regional carriers. The completion of the CAD$716 million expansion gives Montréal-Trudeau the ability to serve 15 million passengers a year.[25] This ironically accomplished one of the goals that was to be met with the construction of Mirabel. (In the 1970s, the federal government projected that 20 million passengers would be passing through Montreal's airports annually by 1985, with 17 million through Mirabel). Aéroports de Montréal financed all of these improvements itself, with no government grants. By the end of 2007, $1.5 billion had been spent to upgrade Montréal-Trudeau.[26]
Starting in 2006, ADM began the next process of land access to upgrade road traffic to the airport, a new parking garage, and the improvement of the domestic terminal. On 30 November 2006, ADM announced plans to relocate numerous hangars at the western part of the airport in order to expand the Transborder and International terminals. Although still unclear how many new gates will be added, construction is slated to begin with the removal of hangars in 2007. Trudeau Airport is only capable of handling 15 million passengers a year[25], which it's expected to hit by 2014 at the latest. The expansion of the current facilities are therefore needed. ADM's target for potential passenger capacity is 25 million a year.[25]
Aéroports de Montréal, the City of Montreal, Transports Québec and Transport Canada are planning to improve the Dorval interchange and build direct road links between the airport and highways 20 and 520. Once the certificate of authorization has been obtained, work begun in June 2009 with a potential end date of 2013. The project will entail redesigning the roads network within the airport site.[27]
Aéroports de Montréal is planning to introduce an express rail shuttle service to accelerate access to the airport from the downtown core. This 20 km (12 mi) long shuttle, with departures every 20 minutes, would make the trip in under 20 minutes. To this end, Transport Canada, ADM, Via Rail, and the Agence métropolitaine de transport (Metropolitan Transit Agency) have jointly developed a wide-ranging proposal that includes the enhancement of commuter train and inter-city train service between Downtown Montreal and the West Island of Montreal. On June 17, 2010, Gare Centrale was chosen as the final destination for the rail link, with construction expected to be completed between 2013 and 2015.[28]
The Quebec provincial budget of 2010 set aside $200 million for this project. However, as this project will likely cost over $1 billion, there remains a vast financial gap to fill.
The main issue with the project, aside from cost, is how it will improve public transit on the West Island. If the project is exclusively to the airport, then it will have no impact. But if it continued to Ste Anne de Bellevue, then it could be a marked improvement, just as Canada Line has done for Richmond in British Columbia.
The last round of construction improved Montréal-Trudeau so that it is prepared to handle the new Airbus A380. Air France will be the first operator of the type in Montreal and will use gate 55, which is equipped with two air bridges to load and unload passengers on both decks of the A380 simultaneously. An Airbus-marked aircraft (MSN007) took off from Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport and landed at Montréal–Trudeau on 12 November 2007 with some 500 guests aboard. It left Montreal on 13 November to go to Orlando International Airport in Florida (United States). It returned to Montreal on 15 November, continuing to Paris on the same day, and then back to its Toulouse base.[29] As part of the 60th anniversary of Air France in Canada celebrations, Air France will send their Airbus 380 to Montreal-Trudeau on their AF346/347 flight on October 7 2010 as a one-day special flight. It will also be the first A380 of Air France to land in Canada.[30]
On June 15, 2006, construction began on a new four-star Marriott hotel at the airport, above the transborder terminal. Originally scheduled to be completed by September 2008, the 279 first-class room hotel opened its doors on the 19th of August 2009. Construction was slowed down because of the recession and a collapse in the Transborder market. It will eventually contain an underground train station to connect it with downtown Montreal as well as ADM's corporate headquarters, currently located in downtown Montreal.
On the same day, Montreal-Trudeau airport opened the doors to the refurbished, expanded, modernized and user-friendly transborder terminal, meeting the industry's highest standards. This increased the total area of the terminal from 9,320 to 18,122 m2 (100,300 to 195,060 sq ft). Furthermore, the terminal is equipped with a new baggage sorting room which allows U.S. customs officers to retrieve luggage for secondary inspection[31].
The airport is divided into three concourse A, B and C, each one used for passenger traffic heading to certain areas. Concourse A is the Domestic terminal and holds 26 gates: 1–12, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27–30, 32, 34, 47–49.
The International concourse is B and it holds traffic of those airlines travelling other than Canada or the United States. In 2009, the airport handled over 4.5 million passenger on international flights, making it the 2nd busiest airport in Canada in terms of international passenger traffic, excluding transborder flights.[4][32] However, if transborder flights were included Montreal would be 3rd busiest, after Vancouver International.[33]
The International terminal holds 13 gates: 50–53A, 53B–61. Finally Concourse C is dedicated to U.S bound flights. It holds 18 gates: 72–89.
Air Canada has three Maple Leaf Lounges at Montréal-Trudeau: 1 in the Domestic Jetty, 1 in the Transborder Jetty, and 1 in the International Jetty. Air France has a lounge in the International Jetty, on the higher level, at gate B55, their A380 gate. Servisair offers a pay-per-use and membership VIP lounge in the International Jetty
Some 40 airlines offer non-stop services to more than 120 regular and seasonal destinations worldwide.
Airlines | Destinations | Concourse |
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Air Algérie | Algiers | B |
Air Canada | Athens [seasonal], Barcelona [seasonal], Barbados, Brussels, Calgary, Cancun, Cayo Coco, Cayo Largo [seasonal], Chicago-O'Hare, Deer Lake [seasonal], Denver, Edmonton, Frankfurt, Fort-de-France, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers [seasonal], Geneva, Halifax, Holguin, Las Vegas, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Miami [seasonal], Montego Bay, Nassau [seasonal], New York-LaGuardia, Orlando, Ottawa, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Phoenix [seasonal; begins November 6],[34] Pointe-à-Pitre, Port-au-Prince, Providenciales [seasonal], Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta [seasonal], Punta Cana, Rome-Fiumicino [seasonal], San Francisco [seasonal], San Juan [seasonal], St John's, St Lucia [seasonal], Samaná, Santa Clara, Tampa [seasonal], Toronto-Pearson, Vancouver, Varadero, Winnipeg | A, B, C |
Air Canada operated by Air Georgian | Hartford, Moncton | A, C |
Air Canada Jazz | Bagotville, Baie-Comeau, Bathurst, Boston, Charlottetown, Chicago-O'Hare, Fredericton, Halifax, Houston-Intercontinental, Iqaluit, Magdalen Islands, Moncton, Mont-Joli, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Ottawa, Quebec City, Regina, Rouyn-Noranda, Saint John, Thunder Bay, Toronto-Pearson, Val-d'Or, Washington-Dulles, Washington-Reagan, Winnipeg | A, C |
Air Creebec | Chibougamau, Val D'Or | A |
Air France | Paris-Charles de Gaulle | B |
Air Inuit | Kuujjuarapik, La Grande, Quebec City | A |
Air Saint-Pierre | Saint-Pierre | B |
Air Transat | All Year: Cancun, Holguin, Málaga, Orlando, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Port-au-Prince, Puerto Plata, Punta Cana, Varadero Summer destinations: Athens, Barcelona, Basel/Mulhouse, Bordeaux, Brussels, Dublin, Lamezia-Terme, Lisbon, London-Gatwick, Lyon, Madrid, Marseilles, Nantes, Nice, Porto, Rome-Fiumicino, Toulouse, Venice-Marco Polo, Vienna Winter destinations: Acapulco, Camaguey, Cartagena [begins December 20], Cayo Coco, Cayo Largo, Fort Lauderdale, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, La Romana, Managua, Montego Bay, Panama City, Porlamar, Puerto Vallarta, St Maarten, Samana, San Jose de Costa Rica, Santa Clara, San Andres Islands, San Salvador, Santo Domingo |
B, C |
American Airlines | Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami | C |
American Eagle | Chicago-O'Hare, New York-JFK, New York-LaGuardia | C |
British Airways | London-Heathrow | B |
CanJet | Acapulco, Antigua, Camaguey, Cancun, Cayo Coco, Cayo Largo, Cienfuegos, Fort-de-France, Fort Lauderdale, Holguin, Ixtapa-Zihuatanejo, La Ceiba, La Romana, León, Managua, Manzanillo, Montego Bay, Orlando, Pointe-à-Pitre, Providenciales[35], Panama City, Providenciales, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, St Maarten, Samana, Santa Clara, Santo Domingo, San Salvador (Bahamas), Varadero | B, C |
Continental Connection operated by Colgan Air | Newark | C |
Continental Express operated by Chautauqua Airlines | Cleveland | C |
Continental Express operated by ExpressJet Airlines | Newark | C |
Corsairfly | Paris-Orly [seasonal] | B |
Cubana de Aviación | Camaguey, Cayo Coco, Havana, Holguin, Santa Clara, Santiago de Cuba, Varadero | B |
Delta Connection operated by Atlantic Southeast Airlines | Atlanta | C |
Delta Connection operated by Comair | Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Detroit, New York-JFK | C |
Delta Connection operated by Mesaba Airlines | Minneapolis/St. Paul | C |
Delta Connection operated by Pinnacle Airlines | Detroit, New York-JFK [begins September 7] | C |
First Air | Iqaluit, Kuujjuaq[36] | A |
KLM | Amsterdam | B |
Lufthansa | Munich | B |
Porter Airlines | Halifax, Mont-Tremblant [seasonal], Toronto-Billy Bishop | A |
Provincial Airlines | Sept-Îles | A |
Royal Air Maroc | Casablanca | B |
Royal Jordanian | Amman-Queen Alia | B |
SATA International | Lisbon, Ponta Delgada [All Seasonal] | B |
Sunwing Airlines | Acapulco, Camaguey, Cancun, Cayo Coco, Cienfuegos, Cozumel, Fort Lauderdale, Holguin, La Romana, Manzanillo de Cuba, Montego Bay, Orlando, Panama City, Port-au-Prince, Punta Cana, Puerto Plata, Roatán, Santiago de Cuba, Santo Domingo, Varadero | B, C |
Swiss International Air Lines | Zürich | B |
Thomas Cook Airlines | London-Gatwick [seasonal] | B |
United Express operated by GoJet Airlines | Chicago-O'Hare, Washington-Dulles | C |
United Express operated by Shuttle America | Chicago-O'Hare, Washington-Dulles | C |
United Express operated by Trans States Airlines | Washington-Dulles | C |
US Airways Express operated by Air Wisconsin | Philadelphia | C |
US Airways Express operated by Republic Airlines | Charlotte, Philadelphia | C |
WestJet | Calgary, Cancun, Edmonton [seasonal], Fort Lauderdale, Halifax [seasonal], Las Vegas, Montego Bay [seasonal; begins November 5][37], Orlando [seasonal], Punta Cana, Toronto-Pearson, Vancouver, Varadero [seasonal; begins November 6], Winnipeg | A, B, C |
Airlines | Destinations |
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Air Georgian | Toronto-Pearson |
Nolinor Aviation | |
Volga-Dnepr | Bombardier operations |
Air Canada Cargo |
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